Indikasi perubahan iklim dan dampaknya terhadap produksi padi di Indonesia (Studi kasus : Sumatera Selatan dan Malang Raya)

Authors

  • Ruminta Ruminta Program Studi Agroteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia
  • Handoko Handoko Program Studi Agrometeorologi, Fakultas MIPA Institut Pertanian Bogor
  • Tati Nurmala Program Studi Agroteknologi, Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Padjadjaran

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15575/1607

Keywords:

Bahaya, Kerentanan, Perubahan iklim, Risiko, Produksi padi

Abstract

Perubahan iklim telah terjadi di wilayah Indonesia. Perubahan iklim memengaruhi pertanian melalui dampaknya terhadap pertumbuhan, perkembangan, dan hasil tanaman. Penelitian indikasi perubahan iklim dan dampaknya terhadap produksi tanaman padi di Indonesia (Sumatera Selatan dan Malang Raya) pada tahun 2011-2013 telah dilakukan.  Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji adanya perubahan iklim dan bagaimana dampaknya terhadap produksi padi di Indonesia. Kajian ini menggunakan data dari temperatur, curah hujan, agroklimat, dan produksi tanaman padi serta data sosial ekonomi. Metodologi penelitian ini adalah deskriptif eksplanatori menggunakan konsep asesmen risiko dimana risiko (risk) merupakan fungsi dari bahaya (hazard) dan kerentanan (vulnerability). Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa di Indonesia telah terjadi perubahan iklim dengan indikasi peningkatan suhu, perubahan pola curah hujan, perubahan hitergraf, dan perubahan klasifikasi Oldeman.  Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa pertanian sangat rentan terhadap dampak perubahan iklim dengan indikasi level bahaya yang tinggi pada penurunan produksi padi sebagai akibat peningkatan suhu dan perubahan pola curah hujan.  Beberapa daerah di Sumatera Selatan maupun Malang Raya mempunyai risiko tinggi pada penurunan produksi tanaman padi.  Umumnya Indonesia mempunyai tingkat risiko tinggi pada penurunan produksi padi dengan rerata 1,37 % per tahun dan berpotensi menyebabkan penurunan produksi pangan nasional.

 

Climate change has been occurred in Indonesia. Climate change affects agriculture through its impact on growth, development, and crop yield. Research on climate change indication and its impact on rice production in Indonesia (South Sumatra and Malang Raya) in 2011-2013 has been done. The study aimed to assess climate change and how it impacts rice production in Indonesia. This study used data of temperature, rainfall, agroclimate, and rice production and socioeconomic. The methodology of this research was descriptive explanatory using risk assessment concept where risk was a function of hazard and vulnerability. The results of the study indicated that in Indonesia has been ocurred climate change with indications of temperature increase, changes in rainfall patterns, changes in hitergraph, and changes in Oldeman classification. The results also show that agriculture is highly vulnerable to the impacts of climate change with an indication of high hazard levels in the decline of rice production due to rising temperatures and changes in rainfall patterns. Several areas in South Sumatra and Malang Raya have a high risk of decreasing the rice production. Generally Indonesia has a high risk level on the decrease of rice production with an average of 1.37% per year and potentially causes the decline of national food production.

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Published

2018-07-27

Issue

Vol. 5 No. 1 (2018)

Section

Original Research Articles

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