Trait Mindfulness and Counterproductive Work Behavior: The Role of Stop and Start Control


Endang Parahyanti(1*), Muhammad Rizky(2)

(1) Fakultas Psikologi, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia
(2) Fakultas Psikologi, Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


This study aimed to examine the antecedents of Counterproductive Work Behavior (CWB) by investigating two dimensions of self-control, namely stop and start control, as mediators between trait mindfulness and CWB. A correlational research design was employed, and the participants were full-time workers aged between 20 and 39 years. The instruments consisted of the Stop Control and Start Control Scale, Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS), and Counterproductive Work Behavior Checklist (CWB-C). The results of the mediation analysis showed that the trait mindfulness had an indirect effect on CWB through stop control (ab = -.11, p < .01) and start control (ab = -.04, p < .01), as well as a direct effect on CWB (c’ = -.07, p < .01; c’ = -.24, p < .01). These findings suggested that stop and start control partially mediated the relationship between trait mindfulness and CWB.


Keywords


counterproductive work behavior, stop control, start control, trait mindfulness

Full Text:

PDF

References


Babalola, M. T., Ren, S., Kobinah, T., Qu, Y. E., Garba, O. A., & Guo, L. (2019). Negative workplace gossip: Its impact on customer service performance and moderating roles of trait mindfulness and forgiveness. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 80, 136-143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhm.2019.02.007

Bravo, A. J., Pearson, M. R., Wilson, A. D., & Witkiewitz, K. (2018). When traits match states: Examining the associations between self-report trait and state mindfulness following a state mindfulness induction. Mindfulness, 9(1), 199-211. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-017-0763-5

Brown, K. W., & Ryan, R. M. (2003). The benefits of being present: Mindfulness and its role in psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84, 822. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.84.4.822

Carpenter, N. C., Whitman, D. S., & Amrhein, R. (2021). Unit-level counterproductive work behavior (CWB): A conceptual review and quantitative summary. Journal of Management, 47(6), 1498–1527. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206320978812

Chen, H., Richard, O. C., Boncoeur, O. D., & Ford, D. L., Jr. (2020). Work engagement, emotional exhaustion, and counterproductive work behavior. Journal of Business Research, 114, 30–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.03.025

Chiesi, F., Bonacchi, A., Lau, C., Tosti, A. E., Marra, F., & Saklofske, D. H. (2020). Measuring self-control across gender, age, language, and clinical status: A validation study of the Italian version of the brief self-control scale (BSCS). PloS one, 15(8), e0237729. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0237729

Clark, L. A., & Watson, D. (1995). Constructing validity: Basic issues in objective scale development. Psychological Assessment, 7(3), 309–319. https://doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.7.3.309

Clinton, M. E., Conway, N., Sturges, J., & Hewett, R. (2020). Self-control during daily work activities and work-to-nonwork conflict. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 118, 103410. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2020.103410

Cosme, D., & Wiens, S. (2015). Self-reported trait mindfulness and affective reactivity: A motivational approach using multiple psychophysiological measures. PLoS ONE, 10(3), e0119466. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0119466

de Boer, B. J., van Hooft, E. A., & Bakker, A. B. (2011). Stop and start control: A distinction within self‐control. European Journal of Personality, 25, 349-362. https://doi.org/10.1002/per.796

de Boer, B. J., van Hooft, E. A., & Bakker, A. B. (2015). Self-control at work: Its relationship with contextual performance. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 30, 406-421. https://doi.org/10.1108/JMP-08-2012-0237

Desbordes, G., Gard, T., Hoge, E. A., Hölzel, B. K., Kerr, C., Lazar, S. W., Olendzki, A., & Vago, D. R. (2015). Moving beyond mindfulness: Defining equanimity as an outcome measure in meditation and contemplative research. Mindfulness, 6(2), 356-372. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-013-0269-8

Elkins-Brown, N., Teper, R., & Inzlicht, M. (2017). How mindfulness enhances self-control (Eds.). Mindfulness in social psychology (pp. 65-78). Routledge.

Ferreira, M. F., & Nascimento, E. D. (2016). Relationship between personality traits and counterproductive work behaviors. Psico-USF, 21, 677-685. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-82712016210319

Galić, Z., & Ružojčić, M. (2017). Interaction between implicit aggression and dispositional self-control in explaining counterproductive work behaviors. Personality and Individual Differences, 104, 111–117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2016.07.046

Garofalo, C., Gillespie, S. M., & Velotti, P. (2019). Emotion regulation mediates relationships between mindfulness facets and aggression dimensions. Aggress. Behav., 46(1),

–71. https://doi.org/10.1002/ab.21868

Georgiou, S. N., Charalambous, K., & Stavrinides, P. (2019). Mindfulness, impulsivity, and moral disengagement as parameters of bullying and victimization at school. Aggress.

Behav., 46(1), 107–115. https://doi.org/10.1002/ab.21876

Gillebaart, M. (2018). The ‘operational’ definition of self-control. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 1231. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01231

Grundy, J. G., Krishnamoorthy, S., & Shedden, J. M. (2018). Cognitive control as a function of trait mindfulness. Journal of Cognitive Enhancement, 2(3), 298-304. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41465-018-0065-4

Hagger, M. S., Zhang, C. Q., Kangro, E. M., Ries, F., Wang, J. C., Heritage, B., & Chan, D. K. (2021). Trait self-control and self-discipline: Structure, validity, and invariance across national groups. Current Psychology, 40(3), 1015-1030. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-018-0021-6

Islam, S., Permzadian, V., Choudhury, R. J., Johnston, M., & Anderson, M. (2018). Proactive personality and the expanded criterion domain of performance: Predicting academic citizenship and counterproductive behaviors. Learning and Individual Differences, 65, 41–49. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lindif.2018.05.016

Krishnakumar, S., & Robinson, M. D. (2015). Maintaining an even keel: An affect-mediated model of mindfulness and hostile work behavior. Emotion, 15(5), 579. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/emo0000060

Kao, K. Y., Thomas, C. L., Spitzmueller, C., & Huang, Y. H. (2021). Being present in enhancing safety: Examining the effects of workplace mindfulness, safety behaviors, and safety climate on safety outcomes. Journal of Business and Psychology, 36(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10869-019-09658-3

Li, J.-B., & Vazsonyi, A. T. (2021). The utility of joint use of the low self-control scale and the brief self-control scale in explaining adolescent deviance. European Journal of Criminology, 18(2), 254–273. https://doi.org/10.1177/1477370819845745

Medvedev, O. N., Krägeloh, C. U., Narayanan, A., & Siegert, R. J. (2017). Measuring mindfulness: Applying generalizability theory to distinguish between state and trait. Mindfulness, 8(4), 1036–1046. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-017-0679-0

Mesmer-Magnus, J., Manapragada, A., Viswesvaran, C., & Allen, J. W. (2017). Trait mindfulness at work: A meta-analysis of the personal and professional correlates of trait mindfulness. Human Performance, 30(2-3), 79–98. https://doi.org/10.1080/08959285.2017.1307842

Morley, R. H., Bowman, S. W., Fulton, C. L., Roche, S. P., Jantz, P. B., & Trujillo, L. T. (2021). Mindfulness, self-control, implicit bias, race, threat perception failure, and the accidental use of deadly force against off-duty police officers. Journal of police and criminal psychology, 36(1), 86-95. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11896-019-09352-3

Nauly, M., Purba, S., & Gultom, I. (2022). The influence of mindfulness, collective values, transformational leadership, working conditions, psychological empowerment on organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) among high school teachers in Medan. Randwick International of Social Science Journal, 3(2), 388-406. https://doi.org/10.47175/rissj.v3i2.442

Oberleiter, S., Wainig, H., Voracek, M., & Tran, U. S. (2022). No effects of a brief mindfulness intervention on controlled motivation and amotivation, but effect moderation through trait mindfulness: A randomized controlled trial. Mindfulness, 13(10), 2434-2447. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-022-01968-7

Osgood, J., McNally, O., & Talerico, G. (2017). The personality of a “good test taker”: Self-control and mindfulness predict good time-management when taking exams. International Journal of Psychology and Educational Studies, 4(3), 12-21. http://dx.doi.org/10.17220/ijpes.2017.03.002

Piccoli, B., Callea, A., Urbini, F., Chirumbolo, A., Ingusci, E., & De Witte, H. (2017). Job insecurity and performance: The mediating role of organizational identification. Personnel Review, 46, 1508-1522. https://doi.org/10.1108/PR-05-2016-0120

Putri, A. F. (2019). Pentingnya orang dewasa awal menyelesaikan tugas perkembangannya. Indonesian Journal of School Counseling, 3(2), 35-40. http://dx.doi.org/10.23916/08430011

Schwager, I. T., Hülsheger, U. R., & Lang, J. W. (2016). Be aware to be on the square: Mindfulness and counterproductive academic behavior. Personality and Individual Differences, 93, 74-79. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2015.08.043

Schuman-Olivier, Z., Trombka, M., Lovas, D. A., Brewer, J. A., Vago, D. R., Gawander, R., Dunne, J. P., Lazar, S. W., Loucks, E. B., & Fulwiler, C. (2020). Mindfulness and behavior change. Harvard Review of Psychiatry, 28(6), 371-394. https://doi.org/10.1097/HRP.0000000000000277

Searle, R. H., & Rice, C. (2018). Assessing and mitigating the impact of organizational change on counterproductive work behaviour: An operational (dis) trust based framework. Centre for Research and Evidence on Security Threats (CREST).

Soni, Y., & Dwivedi, R. (2021). A study to explore the relationship between mindfulness and OCB in IT sector: An Indian perspective. International Journal of Indian Psychology, 9(3), 2346-2363. https://doi.org/10.25215/0903.224

Spector, P. E., Fox, S., Penney, L. M., Bruursema, K., Goh, A., & Kessler, S. (2006). The dimensionality of counterproductivity: Are all counterproductive behaviors created equal? Journal of Vocational Behavior, 68, 446-460. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvb.2005.10.005

Tang, Y. Y. (2017). Traits and states in mindfulness meditation. The neuroscience of mindfulness meditation, 29-34. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46322-3_4

Tangney, J. P., Baumeister, R. F., & Boone, A. L. (2004). High self-control predicts good adjustment, less pathology, better grades, and interpersonal success. Journal of Personality, 72(2), 271–324. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-3506.2004.00263.x

van Hooft, E. A. J., & Kreemers, L. M. (2021). Stop and start control at work: Differential validity of two types of self‐control for work behavior and emotion regulation. International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 30(2), 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijsa.12359

Wei, F., & Si, S. (2013). Tit for tat? Abusive supervision and counterproductive work behaviors: The moderating effects of locus of control and perceived mobility. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 30, 281-296. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10490-011-9251-y

Yiwen, F., & Hahn, J. (2021). Job insecurity in the COVID-19 pandemic on counterproductive work behavior of millennials: A time-lagged mediated and moderated model. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(16), 8354.

Yusainy, C., Chan, D. K. C., Hikmiah, Z., & Anggono, C. O. (2019). Physical activity in Indonesian university students: The contradictory roles of dispositional mindfulness and self-control. Psychology, Health, and Medicine, 24(4), 446-455. https://doi.org/10.1080/13548506.2018.1546015




DOI: https://doi.org/10.15575/psy.v9i2.11983

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


web stats

View My Stats

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.