Deceptive Self-Presentation: The Role of Social Media User Motivation and the Dark Triad Personality


Ujam Jaenudin(1*), Elis Anisah Fitriah(2), Mirna Devi(3)

(1) Faculty of Psychology, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung, Indonesia
(2) Faculty of Psychology, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung, Indonesia
(3) Faculty of Psychology, UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Online identity frauds such as love scams, catfishing, and fake content are associated with the freedom of personalization offered by social media platforms which can lead to deceptive self-presentation behavior and impressions. Therefore, this research aimed to examine the role of motivation to use Instagram and the dark triad personality on deceptive self-presentation. It was conducted quantitatively through structural equation model (SEM) analysis based on partial least squares (PLS) using data collected from 400 early adult Instagram users between the ages of 20 and 34 years in Indonesia. The results showed that motivation to use Instagram and the dark triad personality influenced deceptive self-presentation by 30.9% on ideal self-dimension and 41.9% on false self-dimension. Moreover, motivational dimensions of gaining new friendships, following and monitoring, social connectedness and social recognition had a significant influence on deceptive self-presentation. In the dark triad personality variable, only the narcissism dimension was observed to have a significant influence on deceptive self-presentation.

Keywords


Motivation using Instagram, the dark triad personality, deceptive self presentation

Full Text:

PDF

References


Anugraheni, T. D., Izzah, L., & Hadi, M. S. (2023). Increasing the students’ speaking ability through role-playing with Slovin’s Formula Sample Size. Jurnal Studi Guru Dan Pembelajaran, 6(3), 262-272. https://doi.org/10.30605/jsgp.6.3.2023.2825

Audrezet, A., de Kerviler, G., & Moulard, J. G. (2020). Authenticity under threat: When social media influencers need to go beyond self-presentation. Journal of Business Research, 117, 557-569. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.07.008

Burgoon, J. K., & Levine, T. R (2010). Advances in deception detection. In S. W. Smith, & S. R. Wilson (Ed.). New directions in interpersonal communication Research (pp.201-220). Sage.

Christie, R., & Geis, F.L. (1970). Studies in Machiavellianism. Academic Press.

Djafarova, E., & Trofimenko, O. (2017). Exploring the relationships between self-presentation and self-esteem of mothers in social media in Russia. Computers in Human Behavior, 73, 20-27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2017.03.021

Doni, C. P., & Saleh, S. R. (2022). The Effect of Social Media on the Development of Peaceful Behavior Among High School Youth in Gorontalo Regency. Journal La Sociale, 3(1), 24-34. https://doi.org/10.37899/journal-la-sociale.v3i1.601

Dumas, T.M., Maxwell-Smith, M., Davis, J.P., & Giulietti, P.A. (2017). Lying or longing for likes? Narcissism, peer belonging, loneliness and normative versus deceptive like-seeking on Instagram in emerging adulthood. Comput. Hum. Behav. 71, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2017.01.037.

Dungo, L. (2018). Instagram use among emerging adulthood (Theses). King’s University College at Western University. https://ir.lib.uwo.ca/psychK_uht/69

Ellison, N., Heino, R., & Gibbs, J. (2006). Managing impressions online: Self-presentation processes in the online dating environment. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 11(2), 415–441. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2006.00020.x

Feist, j., Feist, G.J., & Roberts, T. (2013). Theories of Personality (8th Ed.). Salemba Humanika.

Peter Gal & Giuseppe Nicoletti & Christina von Rüden & Stéphane Sorbe & Théodore Renault, 2019. "Digitalization and Productivity: In Search of the Holy Grail - Firm-level Empirical Evidence from European Countries," International Productivity Monitor, Centre for the Study of Living Standards, vol. 37, pages 39-71, Fall.

Geary, C., March, E., & Grieve, R. (2021). Insta-identity: Dark personality traits as predictors of authentic self-presentation on Instagram. Telematics and Informatics, 63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2021.101669

Gil-Or, O., Levi-Belz, Y., & Turel, O. (2015). The “Facebook-self”: Characteristics and psychological predictors of false self-presentation on Facebook. Frontiers in Psychology, 6, 10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00099

Goffman, E. (1959). The Presentation Of Self In Everyday Life. http://educ333b.pbworks.com/w/file/fetch/53313682/goffman_intro.pdf

Grieve, R., March, E., & Watkinson, J. (2020). Inauthentic self-presentation on facebook as a function of vulnerable narcissism and lower self-esteem. Computers in Human Behavior, 102, 144–150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2019.08.020

Harris, E., & Bardey, A. C. (2019). Do instagram profiles accurately portray personality? An investigation into idealized online self-presentation. Frontiers in Psychology. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00871

Hjetland, G.J.; Finserås, T.R.; Sivertsen, B.; Colman, I.; Hella, R.T.; Skogen, J.C. (2022). Focus on self-presentation on social media across sociodemographic variables, lifestyles, and personalities: A cross-sectional study. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 19, 11133. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191711133

Hogan, R., & Hogan, J. (2001). Assessing leadership: A view from the dark side. International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 9(1-2), 40–51. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-2389.00162

Hootsuite. (2022). Digital 2022: Indonesia, the essensials guide to the latest connected behavior. https://www.hootsuite.com/resources/digital-trends

Jones, D. N., & Paulhus, D. L. (2014). Introducing the short dark triad (SD3): A brief measure of dark personality Traits. Assessment, 21(1), 28–41. https://doi.org/10.1177/1073191113514105

Katz, E., Blumler, J. G., & Gurevitch, M. (1974). Uses and gratifications research. Public Opinion Quarterly, 37(4), 509–523. https://doi.org/10.1086/268109

Kim, J. W., & Chock, T. M. (2017). Personality traits and psychological motivations predicting selfie posting behaviours on social networking sites. Telematics and Informatics, 34, 560–571. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tele.2016.11.006

Kircaburun, K., Alhabash, S., Tosuntaş, Ş. B., & Griffiths, M. D. (2020). Uses and gratifications of problematic social media use among university students: A simultaneous examination of the big five of personality traits, social media platforms, and social media use motives. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 18(3), 525–547. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11469-018-9940-6

Kowalski, C. M., Rogoza, R., Vernon, P. A., & Schermer, J. A. (2018). The dark triad and the self-presentation variables of socially desirable responding and self-monitoring. Personality and Individual Differences, 120, 234–237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2017.09.007

Michikyan, M., Dennis, J., & Subrahmanyam, K. (2015). Can You Guess Who I Am? Real, Ideal, and False Self-Presentation on Facebook Among Emerging Adults. Emerging Adulthood, 3(1), 55-64. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167696814532442

Monacis, L., Griffiths, M.D., Limone, P., Sinatra, M., Servidio, R. (2020). Selfitis behavior: Assessing the Italian version of the Selfitis Behavior Scale and its mediating role in the relationship of dark traits with social media addiction. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 17, 5738. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17165738.

Muhson, A. (2022). Analisis statistik dengan smartPLS. UNY Press.

Mun, I. B., & Kim, H. (2021) Influence of false self-presentation on mental health and deleting behavior on instagram: The mediating role of perceived popularity. Front. Psychol. 12, 660484. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.660484

Mututwa, W. and Matsilele, T. (2020). COVID-19 infections on international celebrities: self presentation and tweeting down pandemic awareness JCOM 19(05), A09. https://doi.org/10.22323/2.19050209

Nitschinsk, L., Tobin, S. J., & Vanman, E. J. (2022). The dark triad and online self-presentation styles and beliefs. Personality and Individual Differences, 194, 111641. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2022.111641

Nunnally, J. C., & Bernstein, I. H. (1994). Psychometric theory (3rd ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill

Paulhus, D.L. (2014). Toward a taxonomy of dark personalities. Current Direction in Psychological Science, 23(6), 421-426. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1177/0963721414547737

Paulhus, D. L., & Williams, K. M. (2002). The Dark Triad of personality: Narcissism, machiavellianism and psychopathy. Journal of Research in Personality, 36(6), 556–563. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0092-6566(02)00505-6

Pertegal M-Á, Oliva A, Rodríguez-Meirinhos A (2019) Development and validation of the Scale of Motives for Using Social Networking Sites (SMU-SNS) for adolescents and youths. PLoS ONE 14(12): e0225781. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0225781

Retnowati, Y. (2015). Love scammer: komodifikasi cinta dan kesepian di dunia maya. Jurnal Komunikasi, 12(2), 65-77. https://doi.org/10.47007/jkomu.v12i2.153

Santrock, J. W. (2012). life span development : Perkembangan masa. hidup. Jakarta: Penerbit Erlangga

Sheldon, P., & Bryant, K. (2016). Instagram: Motives for its use and relationship to narcissism and contextual age. Computers in Human Behavior, 58, 89–97. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.12.059

Shoeibi, N. (2021). Analysis of Self-presentation and Self-verification of the Users on Twitter. In: Rodríguez González, S., et al. Distributed Computing and Artificial Intelligence, Special Sessions, 17th International Conference. DCAI 2020. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 1242. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-53829-3_25

Simmons, M., Lee, J.S. (2020). Catfishing: A look into online dating and impersonation. In: Meiselwitz, G. (eds) Social computing and social media. design, ethics, user behavior, and social network analysis. HCII 2020. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 12194. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-49570-1_24

Smith, L. R., & Sanderson, J. (2015) I'm Going to Instagram It! An Analysis of Athlete Self-Presentation on Instagram. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 59(2), 342-358, https://doi.org/10.1080/08838151.2015.1029125

Steijn, W. (2014). A developmental perspective regarding the behaviour of adolescents, young adults, and adults on social network sites. Cyberpsychology: Journal of Psychosocial Research on Cyberspace, 8(2). http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/CP2014-2-5

Tsikerdekis, Michael & Zeadally, Sherali. (2015). Detecting and Preventing Online Identity Deception in Social Networking Services. Internet Computing, IEEE. 19. 41-49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/MIC.2015.21




DOI: https://doi.org/10.15575/psy.v10i2.25733

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


web stats

View My Stats

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.