Family Function and Academic Achievement: The Mediating Role of Noble Character

Authors

  • Rahmi Lubis Magister Psikologi, Universitas Medan Area, Indonesia
  • Lince Kristina Tafonao Magister Psikologi, Universitas Medan Area, Indonesia
  • Zain Adawiyah Magister Psikologi, Universitas Medan Area, Indonesia
  • Fonny Dameaty Hutagalung Departemen Psikologi Pendidikan dan Konseling, Universitas Malaya, Malaysia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15575/psy.v11i2.33887

Keywords:

Academic achievement, family function, noble character, mediation, undergraduate student

Abstract

Academic achievement reflects the level of success students achieve in college studies. Based on observation, a prominent factor that typically influence this metric is family roles, particularly through the mediation of noble character. Therefore, this research aims to examine the mediating role of noble character on the relationship between family roles and student academic achievement. In order to achieve the stated objective, 201 college students were selected using cluster stratified random sampling, which served as the sample in this explanatory quantitative research. Accordingly, three key variables observed during the course of the exploration include family function, noble character scales, and student cumulative achievement index. A mediation test was also carried out using Jamovi statistical software 2.0.0 to determine the relationship between the key variables. The obtained results from the test showed that family function did not directly influence educational achievement. Instead, it only determined academic achievement through the instillation of noble character in students. Based on this result, an inference was made that noble character significantly mediated the relationship between family function and academic achievement.

Author Biographies

Rahmi Lubis, Magister Psikologi, Universitas Medan Area

Magister Psikologi Universitas Medan Area

Lince Kristina Tafonao, Magister Psikologi, Universitas Medan Area

Psychology

Zain Adawiyah, Magister Psikologi, Universitas Medan Area

Psychology

References

Abdulghani, H. M., Al-Drees, A. A., Khalil, M. S., Ahmad, F., Ponnamperuma, G. G., & Amin, Z. (2014). What factors determine academic achievement in high achieving undergraduate medical students? A qualitative study. Medical Teacher, 36(sup1), S43–S48. https://doi.org/10.3109/0142159X.2014.886011

Al-Tameemi, R. A. N., Johnson, C., Gitay, R., Abdel-Salam, A. S. G., Hazaa, K. Al, BenSaid, A., & Romanowski, M. H. (2023). Determinants of poor academic performance among undergraduate students—A systematic literature review. International Journal of Educational Research Open, 4, 100232. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.IJEDRO.2023.100232

Amelia, R. (2022). Hubungan kualitas tidur terhadap prestasi akademik mahasiswa kedokteran Universitas Baiturrahmah. EDUCATOR : Jurnal Inovasi Tenaga Pendidik Dan Kependidikan, 2(1). https://www.academia.edu/75917045/Hubungan_Kualitas_Tidur_Terhadap_Prestasi_Akademik_Mahasiswa_Kedokteran_Universitas_Baiturrahmah

Arvanitis, A., & Kalliris, K. (2020). Consistency and moral integrity: A self-determination theory perspective. Journal of Moral Education, 49(3), 316–329. https://doi.org/10.1080/03057240.2019.1695589

Aulia, D. W., & Khafid, M. (2018). Role of learning discipline in mediating the influence of parent’s parenting towards student’s learning achievement article info. Journal of Primary Education JPE, 7(2), 155–162. https://doi.org/10.15294/jpe.v7i2.23131

Cassidy, S. (2012). Exploring individual differences as determining factors in student academic achievement in higher education. Studies in Higher Education, 37(7), 793–810. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2010.545948

Chandrasena, P. P. C. M., & Ilankoon, I. M. P. S. (2022). The impact of social media on academic performance and interpersonal relations among health sciences undergraduates. Journal of Education and Health Promotion, 11(1), 117. https://doi.org/10.4103/JEHP.JEHP_603_21

Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2007). Research Methods in Education. (6th Ed). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203029053

Crisp, G., Taggart, A., & Nora, A. (2015). Undergraduate Latina/o students: A systematic review of research identifying factors contributing to academic success outcomes. Review of Educational Research, 85(2), 249-274. https://doi.org/10.3102/0034654314551064

Crossan, M. M., Byrne, A., Seijts, G. H., Reno, M., Monzani, L., & Gandz, J. (2017). Toward a framework of leader character in organizations. Journal of Management Studies, 54(7), 986–1018. https://doi.org/10.1111/JOMS.12254

Davis-Kean, P. E., Tighe, L. A., & Waters, N. E. (2021). The Role of Parent Educational Attainment in Parenting and Children’s Development. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 30(2), 186-192. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721421993116

Diseth, Å., Pallesen, S., Brunborg, G. S., & Larsen, S. (2010). Academic achievement among first semester undergraduate psychology students: The role of course experience, effort, motives and learning strategies. Higher Education, 59(3), 335–352. https://doi.org/10.1007/S10734-009-9251-8/METRICS

Duckworth, A. L., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2017). The science and practice of self-control. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 12(5), 715–718. https://doi.org/10.1177/1745691617690880

Ezzani, M. (2021). A principal’s approach to leadership for social justice: Advancing reflective and anti-oppressive practices. Journal of School Leadership, 31(3), 227-247. https://doi.org/10.1177/1052684620908347

Fletcher, A. C., Wagner, G. A., & Bourne, P. E. (2020). Ten simple rules for more objective decision-making. PLoS Computational Biology, 16(4). https://doi.org/10.1371/JOURNAL.PCBI.1007706

Gamage, K. A. A., Dehideniya, D. M. S. C. P. K., & Ekanayake, S. Y. (2021). The role of personal values in learning approaches and student achievements. Behavioral Sciences, 11(7), 102. https://doi.org/10.3390/BS11070102

Gana, M., Rad, D., & Stoian, C. D. (2023). Family functioning, parental attachment and students’ academic success. Journal of Infrastructure, Policy and Development, 8(1), 2565. https://doi.org/10.24294/JIPD.V8I1.2565

Gu, X., Hassan, N. C., & Sulaiman, T. (2024). The relationship between family factors and academic achievement of junior high school students in rural China: Mediation effect of parental involvement. Behavioral Sciences, 14(3), 221. https://doi.org/10.3390/BS14030221

Hamoud, A., Hasyim, A. S., & Awadh, W. A. (2018). Predicting student performance in higher education institutions using decision tree analysis. International Journal of Interactive Multimedia and Artificial Intelligence, 5(2), 26-31. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3243704

Hasanuddin., Lubis, R., Tafoano, L. K., & Adawiyah, Z. (2024). Positive character and academic achievement: the moderating role of family function. applied quantitative analysis, 4(2). 1-18. https://doi.org/10.31098/quant.2380

Huda, T. N., & Mulyana, A. (2018). Pengaruh adversity quotient terhadap prestasi akademik mahasiswa angkatan 2013 Fakultas Psikologi UIN SGD Bandung. Psympathic : Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi, 4(1). https://journal.uinsgd.ac.id/index.php/psy/article/view/1336

Iffland, J. A., Berner, W., Dekker, A., & Briken, P. (2016). What keeps them together? Insights into sex offender couples using qualitative content analyses. Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy, 42(6), 534–551. https://doi.org/10.1080/0092623X.2015.1079757

Islam, M. N., & Chakrabarty, S. (2020). A Study of the relationship between familial factors and academic motivation and achievement in high school students. Psychological Studies, 65(1), 87–96. https://doi.org/10.1007/S12646-019-00500-7/METRICS

Jalali, R., Khazaei, H., Khaledi Paveh, B., Hayrani, Z., & Menati, L. (2020). The effect of sleep quality on students’ academic achievement. Advances in Medical Education and Practice, 11, 497. https://doi.org/10.2147/AMEP.S261525

JDIH. (2023, Agustus 16). Peraturan Menteri Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi Nomor 53 Tahun 2023 tentang Penjaminan Mutu Pendidikan Tinggi. JDIH BPK. https://peraturan.bpk.go.id/Details/265158/permendikbudriset-no-53-tahun-2023

Jin, X. (2023). The role of effort in understanding academic achievements: empirical evidence from China. European Journal of Psychology of Education, 39(1), 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10212-023-00694-5

Johnson, J., Reddy, P., Sharma, S., Wakeling, L., Mani, J., Benveniste, T., Naiker, M., & Brown, S. (2022). Attitude and achievement of first-year chemistry undergraduate students at The University of the South Pacific. Frontiers in Education, 7, 873571. https://doi.org/10.3389/FEDUC.2022.873571/BIBTEX

Junaidi, A. (2020). Panduan penyusunan kurikulum pendidikan tinggi di era industri 4.0 untuk mendukung merdeka belajar-kampus merdeka (ed.4). Direktorat Jenderal Pendidikan Tinggi Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan. https://dikti.kemdikbud.go.id/wp-content/uploads/2020/10/BUKU-PANDUAN-PENYUSUNAN-KURIKULUM-PENDIDIKAN-TINGGI-MBKM.pdf

Kassaw, C., & Demareva, V. (2023). Determinants of academic achievement among higher education student found in low resource setting, A systematic review. PLOS ONE, 18(11), e0294585. https://doi.org/10.1371/JOURNAL.PONE.0294585

Kibakaya, E. C., & Oyeku, S. O. (2022). Cultural humility: A critical step in achieving health equity. Pediatrics, 149(2). https://doi.org/10.1542/PEDS.2021-052883/184574

Kim, J. Y., & Keane, A. (2023). Corporate social responsibility and performance in the workplace: a meta-analysis. International Journal for Educational and Vocational Guidance 2023, 1–27. https://doi.org/10.1007/S10775-023-09581-3

Kohnke, K., & Sylvester, S. (2019). Familial Stress and Academic Performance: The Role of an Outside Stress Factor on the Academic Success of College Students. https://hdl.handle.net/2376/16660

Leighton, J. P., Tang, W., & Guo, Q. (2018). Undergraduate students’ attitudes towards mistakes in learning and academic achievement. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 43(4), 612–628. https://doi.org/10.1080/02602938.2017.1387230

Lian, T. C. (2008). Family function, perceived social support, self efficacy, and academic performance. Pertanika Journal. Pertanika Journal of Social Science and Humanities, 16(2). http://www.pertanika.upm.edu.my/pjssh/browse/regular-issue?article=JSSH-0045-2008

Liu, Z. (2023). Exploring the influence of family environment and positive personality on the sense of meaning in life. Journal of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences, 8, 1540–1545. https://doi.org/10.54097/EHSS.V8I.4516

Lubis, R., Hinduan, Z. R., Jatnika, R., Baydhowi., & Agustiani, H. (2022). The development and initial validation of

the youth sexual intention scale: Indonesian

Version. INQUIRY: The Journal of Health Care

Organization, Provision, and Financing

Volume 59: 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1177/00469580221087833

Lubis, R., & Hasanuddin. (2023). The role of positive youth development as a mediator of the relationship between family function and lecturer-student relationship. Psympathic : Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi, 10(1), 29-38. https://journal.uinsgd.ac.id/index.php/psy/article/view/22733

Lubis, R., Hinduan, Z. R., Jatnika, R., Baydhowi, & Agustiani, H. (2024). Development of the Family Function Scale: Indonesia Version. Journal of Family Issues, 45(7), 1611-1632. https://doi.org/10.1177/0192513X231181363

Lüftenegger, M., Klug, J., Harrer, K., Langer, M., Spiel, C., & Schober, B. (2016). Students’ achievement goals, learning-related emotions and academic achievement. Frontiers in Psychology, 7(MAY), 186072. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00603

Mahuro, G. M., & Hungi, N. (2016). Parental participation improves student academic achievement: A case of Iganga and Mayuge districts in Uganda. Cogent Education, 3(1), 1264170. https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2016.1264170

Mappadang, A., Khusaini, K., Sinaga, M., & Elizabeth, E. (2022). Academic interest determines the academic performance of undergraduate accounting students: Multinomial logit evidence. Cogent Business & Management, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2022.2101326

Maqableh, M., Jaradat, M., & Azzam, A. (2021). Exploring the determinants of students’ academic performance at university level: The mediating role of internet usage continuance intention. Education and Information Technologies, 26(4), 4003. https://doi.org/10.1007/S10639-021-10453-Y

Marcenaro–Gutierrez, O., Lopez–Agudo, L. A., & Ropero-García, M. A. (2018). Gender differences in adolescents’ academic achievement. YOUNG, 26(3), 250-270. https://doi.org/10.1177/1103308817715163

Martínez, I. M., Youssef-Morgan, C. M., Chambel, M. J., & Marques-Pinto, A. (2019). Antecedents of academic performance of university students: academic engagement and psychological capital resources. Educational Psychology, 39(8), 1047–1067. https://doi.org/10.1080/01443410.2019.1623382

Meng, Q., & Jia, W. (2023). Influence of psychological hardiness on academic achievement of university students: The mediating effect of academic engagement. Work (Reading, Mass.), 74(4), 1515–1525. https://doi.org/10.3233/WOR-211358

Moore, P. J. (2019). Academic achievement. Educational Psychology, 39(8), 981–983. https://doi.org/10.1080/01443410.2019.1643971

Mustafidah, I. D., Mutohar, P. M., & Tanzeh, A. (2022). Prestasi belajar siswa di era covid 19: Analisis pelaksanaan pembelajaran daring, motivasi belajar dan lingkungan belajar di Madrasah Ibtidaiyah. EDUKATIF : JURNAL ILMU PENDIDIKAN, 4(1), 355–363. https://doi.org/10.31004/EDUKATIF.V4I1.887

Nabizadeh, S., Hajian, S., Sheikhan, Z., & Rafiei, F. (2019). Prediction of academic achievement based on learning strategies and outcome expectations among medical students. BMC Medical Education, 19(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1186/S12909-019-1527-9

Nawaz, A., Gilal, F. G., Channa, K. A., & Gilal, R. G. (2023). Going deep into a leader’s integrity: A systematic review and the way forward. European Management Journal, 41(6), 845–863. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.EMJ.2022.11.001

Wijayanti, D. N. (2023). Penguatan dimensi berkebinekaan global profil pelajar pancasila melalui pembelajaran pendidikan pancasila dan kewarganegaraan. Educatio, 18(1), 172–184. https://doi.org/10.29408/EDC.V18I1.12518

Otero, M. J. F., Moledo, M. L., Otero, A. G., and Rego, M. A. S. (2020). Students’ Mediator Variables in the Relationship between Family Involvement and Academic Performance: Effects of the Styles of Involvement. Psicología Educativa, 27(1), 85 - 92. https://doi.org/10.5093/psed2020a19

Pinquart, M., & Ebeling, M. (2020). Parental educational expectations and academic achievement in children and adolescents—a meta-analysis. Educational Psychology Review, 32(2), 463–480. https://doi.org/10.1007/S10648-019-09506-Z

Ratunuman, R. A., David, L. E. V., & Opod, H. (2021). Dampak psikologis pandemi covid-19 pada mahasiswa. Jurnal Biomedik:JBM, 13(2), 227–232. https://doi.org/10.35790/JBM.13.2.2021.31836

Respondek, L., Seufert, T., Stupnisky, R., & Nett, U. E. (2017). Perceived academic control and academic emotions predict undergraduate university student success: Examining effects on dropout intention and achievement. Frontiers in Psychology, 8(MAR), 236431. https://doi.org/10.3389/FPSYG.2017.00243

Rezaei-Dehaghani, A., Keshvari, M., & Paki, S. (2018). The Relationship between Family Functioning and Academic Achievement in Female High School Students of Isfahan, Iran, in 2013–2014. Iranian Journal of Nursing and Midwifery Research, 23(3), 183. https://doi.org/10.4103/IJNMR.IJNMR_87_17

Rini, E. F. S., Fitriani, R., Matondang, M. M., Yolviansyah, F., Putri, N. D., Agatha, F. L., & Lolita, N. (2021). Pengaruh Karakter Kerja Keras Terhadap Hasil Belajar Fisika Di SMA Negeri 1 Kota Jambi. PENDIPA Journal of Science Education, 5(2), 256–261. https://doi.org/10.33369/PENDIPA.5.2.256-261

Romppanen, E., Korhonen, M., Salmelin, R. K., Puura, K., & Luoma, I. (2021). The significance of adolescent social competence for mental health in young adulthood. Mental Health & Prevention, 21, 200198. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.MHP.2021.200198

Rushing, S. N. C., Hildebrandt, N. L., Grimes, C. J., Rowsell, A. J., Christensen, B. C., & Lambert, W. E. (2017). Healthy & Empowered Youth: A Positive Youth Development Program for Native Youth. American Journal of Preventive Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2016.10.024

Sa'pang, A. W., & Purbojo, R. (2020). Teacher`s self-efficacy, understanding of students` characters, and understanding of the 21st century skills as predictors of facilitator type of teaching style. Jurnal Psikologi Ulayat, 7(1), 192–211. https://doi.org/10.24854/jpu108

Sagala, R. (2018). Pendidikan spiritual keagamaan (dalam teori dan praktik). SUKA Press. https://repository.radenintan.ac.id/9290/1/4.%20Pendidikan%20Spiritual.pdf

Schmid, E., & Garrels, V. (2021). Parental involvement and educational success among vulnerable students in vocational education and training. Educational Research, 63(4), 456–473. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131881.2021.1988672

Shek, D.T.L. (2016). The role of positive youth development and family functioning in chinese adolescent well-being: Theoretical considerations and empirical evidence. In: Maggino, F. (eds) A Life devoted to quality of life. social indicators research series, vol 60. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20568-7_3

Shek, D. & Wu, F. (2016). The influence of positive youth development and family functioning on adolescent academic adjustment in families with parental divorce or separation. International Journal on Disability and Human Development, 15(4), 443-453. https://doi.org/10.1515/ijdhd-2017-5011

Shek, D. T. L., Leung, K. H., Li, X., Dou, D., & Zhu, X. (2024). How does family functioning contribute to academic-related outcomes of Chinese adolescents: the mediating role of spirituality. Front. Psychol, 15, 1357473. https://doi.org/10.3389/FPSYG.2024.1357473

Silva, A. D., Vautero, J., & Usssene, C. (2021). The influence of family on academic performance of Mozambican university students. International Journal of Educational Development, 87, 102476. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.IJEDUDEV.2021.102476

Singer, T., & Klimecki, O. M. (2014). Empathy and compassion. Current Biology, 24(18), R875–R878. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CUB.2014.06.054

Steinebach, C., Schaer, M., Knafla, I. (2019). Generosity, peer-support, and positive development in youth. In: Steinebach, C., Langer, Ã. (eds) Enhancing Resilience in Youth. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-25513-8_4

Strambler, M. J., Linke, L. H., & Ward, N. L. (2013). Academic identification as a mediator of the relationship between parental socialization and academic achievement. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 38(1), 99–106. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.CEDPSYCH.2012.11.001

Sugiarti, R., Erlangga, E., Suhariadi, F., Winta, M. V. I., & Pribadi, A. S. (2022). The influence of parenting on building character in adolescents. Heliyon, 8(5), e09349. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.HELIYON.2022.E09349

Tenney, E. R., Poole, J. M., & Diener, E. (2016). Does positivity enhance work performance?: Why, when, and what we don’t know. Research in Organizational Behavior, 36, 27–46. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.RIOB.2016.11.002

Wagner, L., & Ruch, W. (2015). Good character at school: positive classroom behavior mediates the link between character strengths and school achievement. Frontiers in Psychology, 6(MAY). https://doi.org/10.3389/FPSYG.2015.00610

Wagner, F., Wagner, R., Kolanisi, U., Makuapane, L., Masango, M., & Gómez-Olivé, F. (2022). The relationship between depression symptoms and academic performance among first-year undergraduate students at a South African university: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health, 22(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1186/S12889-022-14517-7

Wang, H., Liu, Y., Wang, Z., & Wang, T. (2023). The influences of the Big Five personality traits on academic achievements: Chain mediating effect based on major identity and self-efficacy. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 1065554. https://doi.org/10.3389/FPSYG.2023.1065554

Weston, R., & Gore, P. A., Jr. (2006). A brief guide to structural equation modeling. The Counseling Psychologist, 34(5), 719–751. https://doi.org/10.1177/0011000006286345

Wigfield, A., Muenks, K., & Eccles, J. S. (2021). Achievement motivation: What We know and where we are going. Annual Review of Developmental Psychology, 3(1), 87–111. https://doi.org/10.1146/ANNUREV-DEVPSYCH-050720-103500

Wrigley-Asante, C., Ackah, C. G., & Frimpong, L. K. (2023). Gender differences in academic performance of students studying Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) subjects at the University of Ghana. Sn Social Sciences, 3(1), 12. https://doi.org/10.1007/S43545-023-00608-8

Xu, Z. X., & Ma, H. K. (2016). How can a deontological decision lead to moral behavior? The moderating role of moral identity. Journal of Business Ethics, 137(3), 537–549. https://doi.org/10.1007/S10551-015-2576-6

Yu, J., Wang, Y., Tang, X., Wu, Y., Tang, X., & Huang, J. (2021). Impact of family cohesion and adaptability on academic burnout of Chinese college students: Serial mediation of peer support and positive psychological capital. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 5723. https://doi.org/10.3389/FPSYG.2021.767616

Zakiei, A., Vafapoor, H., Alikhani, M., Farnia, V., & Radmehr, F. (2020). The relationship between family function and personality traits with general self-efficacy (parallel samples studies). BMC Psychology, 8(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1186/S40359-020-00462-W

Zhang, D. (2022). The relationship between gratitude and adolescents’ prosocial behavior: A moderated mediation model. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 1024312. https://doi.org/10.3389/FPSYG.2022.1024312

ŽivÄić-Bećirević, I., Smojver-Ažić, S., & Martinac DorÄić, T. (2017). Prediktori akademskog uspjeha studenata: Prospektivno istraživanje. Drustvena Istrazivanja, 26(4), 457–476. https://doi.org/10.5559/DI.26.4.01

Downloads

Published

2024-12-31

Issue

Vol. 11 No. 2 (2024): PSYMPATHIC

Section

Articles

Citation Check

License

The author whose published manuscript approved the following provisions:

1. The right of publication of all material published in the journal / published on the E-Journal of Psychology website is held by the editorial board with the knowledge of the author (moral right remains the author of the script).

2. The formal legal provisions for access to digital articles of this electronic journal are subject to the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license (CC BY-SA), which means that the Journal of Psychology reserves the right to save, transmit media / format, manage in database form, , maintain, and publish articles without requesting permission from the Author as long as it continues to include the name of the Author as the owner of Copyright.

3. Printed and published print and electronic manuscripts are open access for any purposes. In addition to these objectives, the editorial board shall not be liable for violations of copyright law.

Â